Articles

Why you should be getting ready now for a world with quantum computers. With Ignacio Cirac

Why you should be getting ready now for a world with quantum computers. With Ignacio Cirac

Distant, yet urgent Any organisation which handles sensitive data should start preparing now for the arrival of quantum computing. The technology is unlikely to be ready for widespread use for years – maybe another couple of decades – but it has been known for some time that when it is, it will crack the encryption used by governments and armies, banks and hospitals. Messages sent today will become insecure overnight. A tough subject Quantum computing is a tough subject to explain. As Niels Bohr put it, “Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it”. Richard Feynman...
ChatGPT raises old and new concerns about AI. A conversation with Francesca Rossi

ChatGPT raises old and new concerns about AI. A conversation with Francesca Rossi

The latest generative AI models are sharpening up some long-standing debates about privacy, bias and transparency of AI systems. These issues are often called AI Ethics, or Responsible AI. Francesca Rossi points out that among other things, previous systems were trained on data sets which were more heavily curated, so attempts could at least be made to minimise the amount of bias they displayed. Generative AI systems are hungry beasts, devouring as much as possible of the data available in the world – or at least, on the internet. Rossi studied computer science at the University of Pisa in Italy,...
ChatGPT has woken up the House of Commons. A conversation with Tim Clement-Jones

ChatGPT has woken up the House of Commons. A conversation with Tim Clement-Jones

Some people have biographical summaries which wear you out just by reading them. Lord Clement-Jones is one of those people. He has been a very successful lawyer, holding senior positions at ITV and Kingfisher among others, and later becoming London Managing Partner of law firm DLA Piper. He is better known as a senior politician, becoming a life peer in 1998. He has been the Liberal Democrats’ spokesman on a wide range of issues, and he joined the London Futurists Podcast to discuss how policy makers globally should think about AI. ChatGPT and MPs Lord Clement-Jones set up the All-Party...
China and AI – fearsome dragon or paper tiger?

China and AI – fearsome dragon or paper tiger?

Advanced AI is currently pretty much a duopoly between the USA and China. The US is the clear leader, thanks largely to its tech giants – Google, Meta, Microsoft, Amazon, and Apple. China also has a fistful of tech giants – Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent are the ones usually listed, but the Chinese government has also taken a strong interest in AI since Deep Mind’s Alpha Go system beat the world’s best Go player in 2016. Are the world’s two AI superpowers doomed to confrontation and conflict? Western misperceptions of China People in the West don’t know enough about China’s...
Peter James: best-selling author and transhumanist

Peter James: best-selling author and transhumanist

Crime and science fiction Peter James is one of the world’s most successful crime writers. His Roy Grace series, about a detective in Brighton, England, has produced 19 consecutive Sunday Times Number One bestsellers. His legions of devoted fans await each new release eagerly, but most of them probably don’t know that James is also a transhumanist. James has written 36 novels altogether, in several genres, including science fiction. His novel “Host” is about mind uploading, and appropriately enough, it was the world’s first electronically published novel - a copy of its floppy disc version is on display in London’s...
Just $100bn to cure aging. A conversation with Andrew Steele

Just $100bn to cure aging. A conversation with Andrew Steele

Ageless Andrew Steele is a Briton based in Berlin. At Oxford University he gained a PhD in physics, but then he switched to computational biology, and held positions at Cancer Research UK and the Francis Crick Institute. Along the way, he decided that aging was the single most important scientific challenge of our time. This led him to write the book "Ageless: The New Science of Getting Older Without Getting Old". Steele has become one of TV’s favourite science experts, appearing on the "Impossible Engineering" show on the Discovery channel, and the "Strangest Things" show on Sky. He joined the...
Pioneering Transhumanism: a conversation with Natasha Vita-More

Pioneering Transhumanism: a conversation with Natasha Vita-More

It is nearly 40 years since Natasha Vita-More wrote the first version of the Transhumanist Manifesto. She was drawn to transhumanist ideas from an early age, but she felt they were too radical to gain widespread acceptance at the time. She was also disinclined to pursue the career in medicine which her family favoured, and went into the arts instead. She spent some time living with a group of Navajo Indians, travelled to the Amazon Jungle, and produced a film about escaping social norms. Since then she has worked as a designer, a philosopher, an educator, a scientist, and a...
Why are UFOs still blurry? A conversation with David Brin

Why are UFOs still blurry? A conversation with David Brin

The UFOs are back In recent years there has been a surge in reported sightings of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs). There are perhaps more now than at any time since the 1950s. But there are also many millions more cameras active on the earth than there were in the 1950s, and the cameras are far better, so why are the UFOs still blurry? One man who has some answers is the scientist and science fiction author David Brin, whose books have won the Hugo, Locus, Campbell, and Nebula Awards. He is a writer of 'hard science fiction', meaning that his...
IBM and the grand challenges of AI and quantum computing

IBM and the grand challenges of AI and quantum computing

AI is firmly back in the news OpenAI's ChatGPT and picture generating AI systems like MidJourney and Stable Diffusion have got a lot more people interested in advanced AI and talking about it. Which is a good thing. It will not be pretty if the transformative changes that will happen in the next two or three decades take most of us by surprise. One company that has been pioneering advanced AI for longer than most is IBM. One of IBM’s most senior executives, Alessandro Curioni, joined the London Futurists Podcast to discuss IBM’s current projects in AI, quantum computing, and...
The Fermi Paradox: Where is everyone? With Anders Sandberg

The Fermi Paradox: Where is everyone? With Anders Sandberg

The paradox In the summer of 1950, the physicist Enrico Fermi and some colleagues at the Los Alamos Lab in New Mexico were walking to lunch, and casually discussing flying saucers - as you do - when Fermi blurted out “But where is everybody?” He was not the first to pose the question, and the precise phrasing is disputed, but the mystery he was referring to remains compelling. We appear to live in a vast universe, with billions of galaxies, each with billions of stars, mostly surrounded by planets, including many like Earth. The universe appears to be 13.7 billion...
Forecasts for AI in 2023

Forecasts for AI in 2023

Big Bangs This year was the tenth anniversary of the Big Bang in AI, when Geoff Hinton and some colleagues introduced deep learning, a relaunch of neural networks. Deep learning enabled the Big Tech firms in the US and China to build products and services which generated enormous amounts of money – the first time that AI was lucrative. This year was also the fifth anniversary of a second big bang in AI – the advent of Transformer models, like GPT-3 and Dall-E. These are AI systems which achieve remarkable results by predicting what token (a piece of text or...
Saudi Arabia is becoming a leading AI nation – without most people noticing

Saudi Arabia is becoming a leading AI nation – without most people noticing

Vision 2030 Vision 2030 is Saudi Arabia’s radical and ambitious plan to transform its economy, and the lives of its people. Its leaders have identified artificial intelligence as a vital tool to enable this transformation, so they have set themselves the goal of becoming one of the world’s top ten developers of AI systems within a decade. They are making remarkable progress with both AI and the overall transformation, but at least in the West, this is going largely unnoticed. For reasons we will explore in a moment, the global AI summit held in Riyadh this week received little coverage...
Responsible AI: the challenge of ensuring that AI systems work for all of us. With Ray Eitel-Porter

Responsible AI: the challenge of ensuring that AI systems work for all of us. With Ray Eitel-Porter

The longer term concerns of AI safety and AI alignment Concerns about artificial intelligence tend to fall into two buckets. The longer term concern is that advanced AI may harm humans. In its extreme form, this includes the Skynet scenario from the Terminator movies, where a superintelligence decides it doesn’t like us and wipes us out. But an advanced AI doesn’t have to be malevolent, or even conscious, to do us great harm. It just has to have goals which conflict with ours. The paper-clip maximiser is the cartoon example: the AI is determined to make as many paper-clips as...
From data analysis to decision intelligence. With Steve Coates

From data analysis to decision intelligence. With Steve Coates

The paradox of modern AI There seems to be something of a paradox in modern AI. In academia and within the tech giants of the US and China, research is galloping ahead, but the deployment of modern AI in industry and government organisations is advancing at a more stately pace. One of the people trying to change that is Steve Coates. Steve dropped out of college to become a chef, but he switched again and took a degree in computer science, and then spent 20 years developing business strategies with Accenture and the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Seven years ago...
What happens when everyone realises we can live much longer? We may find out as soon as 2025. With Aubrey de Grey

What happens when everyone realises we can live much longer? We may find out as soon as 2025. With Aubrey de Grey

Let’s not just cure cancer: let’s cure aging One of the most exciting areas of modern scientific research is the investigation of the causes and cures for aging. Not individual diseases like cancer and heart disease, but the processes which make us elderly and frail, and which thereby make us more susceptible to these diseases. Aubrey de Grey has been at the forefront of anti-aging research for more than 20 years. He founded the Methuselah Foundation in 2003, and the SENS Foundation (Strategies for Engineering Negligible Senescence) in 2009, Most recently, “Aubrey 3.0” is the LEV Foundation (Longevity Escape Velocity),...
When will we stop eating animals? With Jacy Anthis

When will we stop eating animals? With Jacy Anthis

Jacy Reese Anthis is a polymath and rising star in the fields of Effective Altruism (EA) and artificial intelligence (AI). He is a co-founder of the Sentience Institute and the author of the 2018 book “The End of Animal Farming”. EA is the project of identifying the most impactful strategies to help others, and the book grew out of EA research into the best ways to help animals. He explains his thinking on animals and AI in the latest episode of The London Futurist Podcast. Many people think that factory farming is one of the most pressing ethical problems in...
Breaking out of the Simulation. With Roman Yampolskiy

Breaking out of the Simulation. With Roman Yampolskiy

The Simulation Hypothesis In the 4th century BC, the Greek philosopher Plato theorised that humans do not perceive the world as it really is. All we can see is shadows on a wall. In 2003, the Swedish philosopher Nick Bostrom published a paper which formalised an argument to prove Plato was right. The paper argued that one of the following three statements is true: 1. We will go extinct fairly soon 2. Advanced civilisations don’t produce simulations containing entities which think they are naturally-occurring sentient intelligences. (This could be because it is impossible.) 3. We are in a simulation The...
How Insilico Medicine uses AI to accelerate drug development

How Insilico Medicine uses AI to accelerate drug development

Within the longevity research community, Alex Zhavoronkov is well-known for his relentless focus. He works seven days a week and takes no holidays. The hard work is paying off: In February, Insilico Medicine, the AI drug development company he founded, announced the first phase 1 clinical trials for a wholly AI-developed drug. Following a series of investment rounds in the rest of the year, the company is now well-funded, and its software is widely used in the pharma industry. Alex explains the company’s progress in the latest episode of the London Futurist Podcast. Three phases of drug development Drug development...